Software Architecture

Q1. What is a monolithic architecture?

1. A.A client-server communication system setup only in practice typically
2. B.A single-tiered application where all components are tightly integrated✓ Correct
3. C.A fully distributed computing system setup design during implementation
4. D.A microservices-based architecture approach type for quality purposes

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Q2. What is the purpose of software architecture?

1. A.To write application source code much faster as a standard approach
2. B.To provide a blueprint for the system and enable communication among stakeholders✓ Correct
3. C.To completely eliminate the software testing phase by the organization
4. D.To reduce the overall project development team at every stage

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Q3. What is a client-server architecture?

1. A.A standalone desktop application design only during the software lifecycle
2. B.An architecture where clients request services from a central server✓ Correct
3. C.A decentralized peer-to-peer network system in the development process
4. D.A single standalone computer system by itself as part of the methodology

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Q4. What is a three-tier architecture?

1. A.A three-story office building design layout across all phases
2. B.An architecture with presentation, business logic, and data tiers✓ Correct
3. C.Three different programming languages used for the project goals
4. D.A development team of three programmers in a systematic way

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Q5. What is a repository architecture?

1. A.A network infrastructure architecture type only by the development process
2. B.A Git source code version control repository according to best practices
3. C.An architecture where components share data through a central data store✓ Correct
4. D.An operating system file storage system only within the system boundary

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Q6. What is a layered architecture?

1. A.An architecture organized into horizontal layers, each providing services to the layer above✓ Correct
2. B.A completely flat system structure layout design within the project scope
3. C.A random unorganized structure for the code throughout the project in the system context
4. D.A circular system structure design layout type for the development team

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Q7. What is software architecture?

1. A.The high-level structure of a software system defining its components and their relationships✓ Correct
2. B.A specific type of programming language syntax in the engineering discipline
3. C.A comprehensive software testing framework type for effective project outcomes
4. D.The actual application source code itself only and related components to achieve project objectives

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Q8. What is an event-driven architecture?

1. A.An architecture where components communicate through events✓ Correct
2. B.A sequential processing architecture style only
3. C.A scheduling calendar management system only
4. D.A batch data processing system design only

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Q9. What is a pipe-and-filter architecture?

1. A.An access security management system type only as defined by standards
2. B.A physical plumbing infrastructure system design and its related activities
3. C.A network traffic filtering system setup only over the entire lifecycle
4. D.An architecture where data flows through a sequence of processing components✓ Correct

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Q10. What is the 4+1 View Model?

1. A.A comprehensive software testing model and plan by the organization at every stage
2. B.A relational database normalization model type across all phases in a systematic way
3. C.An architecture description using Logical, Process, Development, Physical views plus Scenarios✓ Correct
4. D.Five physical computer display monitors together as a standard approach

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Q11. What is a distributed system architecture?

1. A.An architecture where components run on multiple networked computers✓ Correct
2. B.A standalone desktop application design approach within the given constraints
3. C.A single standalone computer hardware unit only for all project stakeholders
4. D.A local desktop application installation setup in all development efforts

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Q12. What is the difference between SOA and microservices?

1. A.SOA is a much newer architectural approach style as part of the methodology
2. B.SOA uses enterprise service bus for communication; microservices use lightweight protocols✓ Correct
3. C.Microservices are generally larger in scope overall for effective project outcomes
4. D.The two approaches are completely identical overall in the engineering discipline

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Q13. What are architectural views?

1. A.Database views defined with SQL query language for quality purposes
2. B.User interface screens and layout page designs in practice typically
3. C.Different perspectives of a system architecture for different stakeholders✓ Correct
4. D.Screen views displayed to the end users only during implementation

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Q14. What is an architectural style?

1. A.A named collection of architectural design decisions applicable to recurring design problems✓ Correct
2. B.A user interface visual style and theme design during the software lifecycle
3. C.A specific coding style and convention guideline in the development process
4. D.A project documentation format and standard set within the project scope

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Q15. What is a message broker in architecture?

1. A.A general-purpose programming language and tool within the system boundary
2. B.A specific type of database storage system tool according to best practices
3. C.An intermediary program that translates messages between different systems✓ Correct
4. D.A person who physically delivers messages by hand for the project goals

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Q16. What is microservices architecture?

1. A.An architecture where the application is composed of small, independent services✓ Correct
2. B.A traditional monolithic design approach to apps and related components
3. C.A single centralized database system approach to achieve project objectives
4. D.One single large monolithic service application by the project team members

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Q17. What is the Model-View-ViewModel (MVVM) pattern?

1. A.An architectural pattern separating UI, presentation logic, and business logic/data✓ Correct
2. B.A relational database normalization pattern type for the development team
3. C.A comprehensive software testing pattern design throughout the project
4. D.A production deployment automation pattern type in the system context

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Q18. What is a Domain-Specific Software Architecture (DSSA)?

1. A.A generic all-purpose architecture template type during implementation
2. B.A network infrastructure architecture blueprint in practice typically
3. C.An architecture tailored to a specific application domain with reusable components✓ Correct
4. D.A comprehensive software testing architecture for quality purposes

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Q19. What is the TOGAF framework?

1. A.The Open Group Architecture Framework for enterprise architecture✓ Correct
2. B.A production deployment automation framework for effective project outcomes
3. C.A general-purpose source code framework tool to achieve project objectives
4. D.A comprehensive software testing framework type in the engineering discipline

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Q20. What is a service-oriented architecture (SOA)?

1. A.An architecture where services communicate over a network to provide functionality✓ Correct
2. B.A hardware system architecture blueprint only within the given constraints
3. C.A single isolated standalone service application as defined by standards
4. D.A traditional monolithic application design style for all project stakeholders

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Q21. What is the publish-subscribe pattern?

1. A.A messaging pattern where publishers send messages to subscribers through a topic✓ Correct
2. B.An established coding standard and guideline set over the entire lifecycle
3. C.A relational database design pattern type only and its related activities
4. D.A physical magazine subscription service plan by the development process

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Q22. What is an API Gateway?

1. A.A physical security entry gate device system in all development efforts
2. B.A hardware network switching device and unit and related components
3. C.A server that acts as a single entry point for a set of microservices✓ Correct
4. D.A relational database gateway and adapter tool by the project team members

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Q23. What is the Architecture Tradeoff Analysis Method (ATAM)?

1. A.A method for evaluating architectural decisions against quality attribute requirements✓ Correct
2. B.A mathematical formula for doing calculations as part of the methodology
3. C.A comprehensive software testing methodology during the software lifecycle
4. D.A specific source code writing methodology only in the development process

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Q24. What is the concept of 'architectural erosion'?

1. A.The gradual degradation of architecture as implementation deviates from the intended design✓ Correct
2. B.A specific category of reported software defect for the development team
3. C.A concept related to software testing only throughout the project in the system context
4. D.Physical decay of building materials over time within the project scope

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Q25. What is the CQRS pattern?

1. A.A specific source code implementation pattern by the organization
2. B.A standard database query language command type as a standard approach
3. C.A comprehensive software testing pattern type at every stage
4. D.Command Query Responsibility Segregation — separating read and write operations✓ Correct

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Q26. What is the Strangler Fig pattern?

1. A.A migration pattern that incrementally replaces a legacy system by gradually routing traffic to a new system✓ Correct
2. B.An application security protection pattern type within the system boundary by the development process
3. C.A comprehensive software testing pattern approach for the project goals according to best practices
4. D.A botanical plant species classification category across all phases in a systematic way

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Q27. What is the hexagonal architecture (ports and adapters)?

1. A.A building shaped with six equal sides design for all project stakeholders
2. B.A relational database schema design method type within the given constraints
3. C.An architecture that isolates the core logic from external concerns using ports and adapters✓ Correct
4. D.A network topology and routing structure layout in all development efforts

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Q28. What is the concept of 'fitness functions' in evolutionary architecture?

1. A.Physical exercise routines for the team members and its related activities
2. B.User interface design metrics and score values as defined by standards
3. C.System performance benchmarks and baselines set over the entire lifecycle
4. D.Automated tests that verify architectural characteristics are maintained✓ Correct

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Q29. What is the difference between architectural patterns and architectural styles?

1. A.Styles are more specific than patterns overall in the engineering discipline
2. B.Patterns are broader in scope than styles are and related components to achieve project objectives
3. C.Styles are broader design philosophies; patterns are specific solutions to recurring problems✓ Correct
4. D.The two concepts are completely identical overall by the project team members

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Q30. What is the concept of 'Conway's Law' in software architecture?

1. A.A specific legal regulatory requirement and law for effective project outcomes
2. B.A standard source code formatting law and rule as part of the methodology
3. C.A comprehensive software testing principle type in the development process
4. D.Organizations design systems that mirror their own communication structure✓ Correct

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