Modules, Packages & Libraries

Q1. What is a module in programming?

1. A.A data structure for storing elements
2. B.A variable type for storing data values
3. C.A self-contained unit of related code✓ Correct
4. D.A type of iterative loop construct

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Q2. What is the purpose of the import statement?

1. A.To include functionality from another module✓ Correct
2. B.To delete a module from the project files
3. C.To compile code into executable binaries
4. D.To export code to other modules or files

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Q3. What is a package in Python?

1. A.A single Python source code file only
2. B.A Python class with methods and attributes
3. C.A directory containing modules and __init__.py✓ Correct
4. D.A standalone Python function definition

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Q4. What is an API?

1. A.A general-purpose programming language for development
2. B.A relational database for storing structured data records
3. C.A set of definitions and protocols for software integration✓ Correct
4. D.A compiler that translates source code to machine language

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Q5. What is npm?

1. A.A Python-specific development tool only
2. B.A database for storing application data values
3. C.A compiler for JavaScript source code files
4. D.Node Package Manager for JavaScript packages✓ Correct

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Q6. What is the difference between a module and a package?

1. A.They are exactly the same thing with different names
2. B.A module is a single file; a package is a collection✓ Correct
3. C.A package is smaller in size compared to a module
4. D.A module contains multiple packages within itself

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Q7. What is pip in Python?

1. A.A general-purpose programming language for development
2. B.A compiler that converts Python to machine code binary
3. C.A debugger tool for finding errors in Python programs
4. D.The package installer for Python that downloads packages✓ Correct

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Q8. What is a library in programming?

1. A.A collection of pre-written reusable code modules✓ Correct
2. B.A place for storing reference books and manuals
3. C.An integrated development environment application
4. D.A single function defined in the source code file

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Q9. What is a package.json file?

1. A.A database schema definition for SQL table structures
2. B.A log file recording application events and errors
3. C.A Node.js config file listing metadata and dependencies✓ Correct
4. D.A generic JSON data file for storing values

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Q10. What is dependency management?

1. A.Managing memory allocation for program variables only
2. B.Tracking and maintaining external libraries and versions✓ Correct
3. C.Sorting functions in alphabetical order within modules
4. D.Managing source code files in a project directory

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Q11. What does 'from math import sqrt' do in Python?

1. A.Creates a new sqrt function in the current file
2. B.Imports only the sqrt function from math module✓ Correct
3. C.Deletes the sqrt function from the math module
4. D.Imports the entire math module with all functions

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Q12. What is a namespace?

1. A.A string type for storing text data values in memory
2. B.A file extension that identifies the programming language
3. C.A container for identifiers to avoid naming conflicts✓ Correct
4. D.A variable name in the source code program

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Q13. What is tree shaking?

1. A.A data structure operation on binary tree nodes only
2. B.A sorting technique that organizes elements by weight
3. C.Removing trees from the project code repository
4. D.Removing unused dead code from the final build bundle✓ Correct

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Q14. What is a circular dependency?

1. A.When two or more modules depend on each other✓ Correct
2. B.A circular buffer data structure for streaming
3. C.A loop in the code that repeats indefinitely
4. D.A recursive function calling itself repeatedly

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Q15. What is the difference between devDependencies and dependencies in npm?

1. A.devDependencies are completely optional and never actually installed
2. B.dependencies are operating system packages not application libraries
3. C.There is no meaningful difference between the two dependency types
4. D.dependencies are for production; devDependencies for development only✓ Correct

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Q16. What is the purpose of a lock file (e.g., package-lock.json)?

1. A.To lock the project and prevent any code changes
2. B.To encrypt installed packages for secure data storage use
3. C.To record exact dependency versions for reproducible builds✓ Correct
4. D.To prevent anyone from making changes to the source code

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Q17. What is a monorepo?

1. A.A repository containing only a single source file
2. B.A read-only repository that cannot accept any changes
3. C.A private repository with restricted access permissions
4. D.A single repository containing multiple related projects✓ Correct

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Q18. What is a virtual environment in Python?

1. A.A Docker container with a bundled application inside
2. B.An isolated Python environment with its own packages✓ Correct
3. C.A cloud-hosted computing environment for deployment
4. D.A full virtual machine running a complete OS image

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Q19. What is semantic versioning (SemVer)?

1. A.Alphabetical versioning using letter-based identifiers
2. B.Date-based versioning using release date as version
3. C.MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH scheme indicating type of changes✓ Correct
4. D.Random version numbers assigned without any rules

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Q20. What is the difference between static and dynamic linking of libraries?

1. A.Static includes library at compile time; dynamic loads at runtime✓ Correct
2. B.Dynamic linking is always slower than static linking in every case
3. C.Static linking uses less memory than dynamic linking at all times
4. D.There is no meaningful difference between the two linking methods

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Q21. What is the difference between CommonJS and ES Modules?

1. A.They are identical module systems with no meaningful differences
2. B.ES Modules do not support any form of async module loading
3. C.CommonJS uses require synchronously; ESM uses import/export✓ Correct
4. D.CommonJS is the newer standard developed after ES Modules

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Q22. What is dependency injection?

1. A.Installing package dependencies from the package registry
2. B.A package manager for downloading and installing third-party libs
3. C.Providing dependencies from outside rather than creating internally✓ Correct
4. D.An import statement for including external module code in file

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Q23. What is the OSGi framework?

1. A.A build tool for compiling and packaging Java applications
2. B.A dynamic Java module system supporting runtime bundle mgmt✓ Correct
3. C.An operating system for mobile devices and desktops
4. D.A testing framework for writing and running automated tests

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Q24. What is a plugin architecture?

1. A.A fixed codebase that cannot be extended or modified at all
2. B.A build system for compiling and packaging application binaries
3. C.A testing framework for automated integration and unit testing
4. D.A design allowing runtime extension via external loaded modules✓ Correct

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Q25. What is the diamond dependency problem in package management?

1. A.Two dependencies requiring different versions of the same package✓ Correct
2. B.A class inheritance issue in object-oriented programming code
3. C.A circular dependency between two modules in the same project
4. D.A build error caused by missing configuration files in project

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Q26. What is ABI (Application Binary Interface) compatibility?

1. A.A network protocol for communication between distributed services
2. B.The same as API compatibility with no additional constraints
3. C.Binary-level interface ensuring compiled modules interact correctly✓ Correct
4. D.A data format for serializing objects to disk or network transfer

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Q27. What is the Inversion of Control (IoC) container?

1. A.A framework component managing object creation and dependencies✓ Correct
2. B.A data structure for storing elements in a specific order only
3. C.A reversed loop that iterates in backward order through data
4. D.A version control system for tracking changes to source code

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Q28. What is the difference between peer dependencies and regular dependencies?

1. A.Regular dependencies are always shared between all project packages
2. B.There is no meaningful difference between the two dependency types
3. C.Peer dependencies require the consumer to provide a shared version✓ Correct
4. D.Peer dependencies are completely optional and never need installing

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Q29. What is the Service Provider Interface (SPI) pattern?

1. A.A web service for hosting API endpoints on the internet
2. B.A physical network interface for connecting hardware devices
3. C.A design where providers implement a service-defined interface✓ Correct
4. D.A build tool for automating compilation and deployment tasks

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Q30. What is reproducible builds and why is it important for packages?

1. A.Building projects as fast as possible to save developer time
2. B.Building multiple modules in parallel across available cores
3. C.Building the same project twice in a row for verification
4. D.Ensuring same source always produces bit-identical output binary✓ Correct

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